Suchergebnisse

For many years coffee has been regarded as a commodity. Recently, new trends both at consumption and production level created new opportunities for de-commodifying the coffee market, by a differentiation based on social, environmental and territorial resources, and consequently for strengthening local agro-food systems and improving the position of farmers in the value chain. In this perspective, territorial origin is one promising lever of differentiation, and there is a growing number of initiatives trying to develop protected Geographical Indications in coffee value chains. This work aims at identifying the different logics surrounding the construction of protected Geographical Indications (GIs) in the coffee industry in Latin America, and to discuss the role of history and tradition in relation to the link to specific local resources. Our analysis highlights a variety of typologies of GI initiatives, which follow different logics and strategies, and interpret the concept of "origin" in different ways, especially when compared to the European Union one. However the role that history and traditions play in American coffee GIs is not yet relevant. ; Durante mucho tiempo, el café ha sido considerado como un producto commodity, de carácter indiferenciado. Recientemente, nuevas tendencias en la producción y el consumo de café han creado nuevas oportunidades para emprender estrategias de diferenciación (de-commodify) en el mercado del café, basadas en los recursos locales de carácter social, medioambiental y territorial y, consecuentemente, con una finalidad de impulsar los sistemas agroalimentarios locales y de mejorar la situación de los agricultores en la cadena de valor. Desde esta perspectiva, el origen territorial se convierte en una herramienta prometedora de diferenciación del producto. Existe un número creciente de iniciativas cuyo propósito es desarrollar Indicaciones Geográficas (IGs) en el ámbito de las cadenas de valor del café. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar las diferentes lógicas de funcionamiento que tienen lugar en el ámbito de la construcción de IGs en el sector del café en América Latina, así como discutir el papel de la historia y la tradición como recursos locales específicos que vinculan el producto al territorio. Nuestro análisis pone de relieve una variedad de tipologías de iniciativas de IGs, que siguen diferentes lógicas y estrategias. El trabajo interpreta el concepto de "origen" de distintas maneras, particularmente en comparación con la normativa de la Unión Europea. No obstante, el rol de la historia y de la tradición no es aún especialmente relevante en el caso de las IGs americanas de café.

The work started as part of the ROBUST project, funded by the HORIZON 2020 program of the European Union, came to an end December '21. ROBUST analyzed urban-rural connections, with a look at the governance systems and processes in 11 different European city-regions, in order to make recommendations for territorial policies and at different institutional levels. In line with the general purpose of the project, the Living Lab activated by the Province of Lucca and the Universities of Pisa and Florence had the objective of identifying urban-rural connections in the Lucca plain and tools to promote local synergies. The outcome of the collaboration between the academic and institutional partners is reported in a document accessible at this link. In a first phase, the work aimed at identifying the specific "functional" urban-rural connections, characterizing them in relation to food systems, eco-systemic services and cultural connections. In a second step, some possible instruments (both of government and governance) were analyzed, with reference to the context of the peri-urban areas of the Piana di Lucca, focusing attention on the potential of open and agricultural spaces, including abandoned land, to in order to generate mutually beneficial rural-urban relationships.

Protected designations of origin (PDO) and Protected geographical indications (PGI) in the European Union have been recognized through a sound legal framework for more than three decades. We are recently witnessing an increased number of amendments to the product specifications of registered PDO/PGI. This paper aims to understand how PDO/PGI for the fruit and vegetables product class have evolved. Until December 31, 2018, there were 379 PDO/PGI registered under the fruit and vegetables product class and 81 amendments approved. We designed a coding guideline to: i) analyze all the amendments to the product specifications ; ii) identify the type of rules that were modified ; iii) find out whether the amendments resulted in more flexible or more restrictive rules, and iv) the respective justifications given by producers. We designed a database to manage all the information. Overall, amendments brought more flexible rules (parti­ ; cu­ ; larly in Italy and Spain), while France showed a more diversified situation. Concerning the justifications stated by producers for amending the product specification, market changes, available new technology, and strengthening product quality were the most important, while environmental concerns were less relevant. Then, we in-depth analyzed the amendments that were explicitly justified with environmental reasons. The analysis showed only a light movement towards more environment-friendly rules, although environ­ ; mental justifications were often used &ldquo ; indirectly&rdquo ; as a means to achieve better marketing competi­ ; tive­ ; ness, meeting new market demand and reducing production costs. These results seem consistent with previous studies, which indicated market forces as a primary motivation to amend product specifications.